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Riboflavin is the precursor for the coenzymes, flavin mononucleotide and flavin adenine dinucleotide. The enzymes that require FMN or FAD as cofactors are termed flavoproteins. Several flavoproteins also contain metal ions and are termed metalloflavoproteins. Both classes of enzymes are involved in a wide range of redox reactions.
Food Sources of Vitamin B2
Organ meats, nuts, cheese, eggs, milk and lean meat are great sources of riboflavin, but is also available in good quantities in green leafy vegetables, fish, legumes, whole grains, and yogurt.
Functions of Vitamin B2
Riboflavin (vitamin B2) works with the other B vitamins. It is important for body growth and red blood cell production and helps in releasing energy from carbohydrates.
Riboflavin also facilitates the use of oxygen by the tissues of the skin, nails, and hair; eliminates dandruff; and helps the absorption of iron and vitamin B 6 (pyridoxine). Consumption of adequate amounts of riboflavin is important during pregnancy, because a lack of this vitamin can damage a developing fetus even if a woman shows no signs of deficiency. Riboflavin is needed for the metabolism of the amino acid tryptophan , which is converted into niacin in the body. Carpal tunnel syndrome may benefit from a treatment program that includes riboflavin and vitamin B 6.
Dosage
Male 1.6 mg per day and female 1.2 mg per day although 50 mg is mostly recommended for supplementation.
What are the deficiency symptoms of Vitamin B2?
May result in itching and burning eyes; cracks and sores in the mouth & lips; bloodshot eyes; purplish tongue; dermatitis; retarded growth; digestive disturbances; trembling; sluggishness; oily skin.
Symptoms associated with riboflavin deficiency include, glossitis, seborrhea, angular stomatitis, cheilosis and photophobia. Riboflavin decomposes when exposed to visible light. This characteristic can lead to riboflavin deficiencies in newborns treated for hyperbilirubinemia by phototherapy.
Riboflavin deficiency is often seen in chronic alcoholics due to their poor dietetic habits.
Overdosage signs of Vitamin B2
There is no known toxicity to riboflavin. Because riboflavin is a water-soluble vitamin, excess amounts are easily excreted by the body in the urine. None expected in individuals with normal kidney functioning. However, in rare cases, symptoms may be itching, numbness, a burning sensation, or light sensitivity.
How to Store the Vitamin B2?
Heat and/or moisture may alter the vitamin. Refrigeration is recommended.
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