Vitamin B9 (Folic acid) is a conjugated molecule consisting of a pteridine ring structure linked to para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) that forms pteroic acid. Folic acid itself is then generated through the conjugation of glutamic acid residues to pteroic acid. Folic acid is obtained primarily from yeasts and leafy vegetables as well as animal liver.
Food Sources of Vitamin B9
Fresh green vegetables, such as spinach and broccoli contain folic acid. It is also found in fruit, starchy vegetables, beans, whole grains and liver.
Functions of Vitamin B9
Folic acid works along with vitamin B12 and vitamin C to help the body digest and utilize proteins and to synthesize new proteins when they are needed. It is necessary for the production of red blood cells and for the synthesis of DNA (which controls heredity and is used to guide the cell in its daily activities). Folic acid also helps with tissue growth and cell function. In addition, it helps to increase appetite when needed and stimulates the formation of digestive acids. Synthetic folic acid supplements may be used in the treatment of disorders associated with folic acid deficiency and may also be part of the recommended treatment for certain menstrual problems and leg ulcers.
Vitamin B 9 is very important in pregnancy. It helps to regulate embryonic and fetal nerve cell formation, which is vital for normal development. Studies have shown that a daily intake of 400 micrograms of folate in early pregnancy may prevent the vast majority of neural tube defects, such as spina bifida and anencephaly.
Dosage
The current recommended intake for folic acid is 400 micrograms per day. There are many excellent sources of folic acid, including prepared breakfast cereals, beans, and fortified grains. However, pregnant women often require additional supplementation as prescribed by a health care provider. Adequate folic acid is important for pregnant women because it has been shown to prevent some kinds of birth defects, including neural tube defects such as spina bifida. Many foods are now fortified with folic acid to help prevent these kinds of birth defects.
What are the deficiency symptoms of Vitamin B9?
Signs of an overdose may include gastrointestinal disorders, anemia, Vitamin B-12 deficiency, pre-mature gray hair.
Folate deficiency results in complications nearly identical to those described for vitamin B 12 deficiency. The most pronounced effect of folate deficiency on cellular processes is upon DNA synthesis.
Poor dietary habits as those of chronic alcoholics can lead to folate deficiency.
Overdosage signs of Vitamin B9
Signs of an overdose may include loss of appetite,
Nausea,
Flatulence,
Abdominal distension,
May produce folacin crystals in kidney.
How to Store the Vitamin B9?
Heat and/or moisture may alter the vitamin. Refrigeration is recommended.
Vitamin B9 Deficiency
Macrocytic anemia
Megaloblastic anemia
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